I think that Apple should take care of this it self and at least provide it's own USB-C to Ethernet Adapter which works properly, when they left us just with 4 USB-C ports and nothing else on these days MacBooks. It seems like Realtek ethernet chipset is the thing which is causing the problems. Thunderbolt to Gigabit Ethernet Adapter by Apple have Vendor Name: Apple Inc., Vendor ID: 0x1 and Product ID: 0x8003 instead of Realtek Semiconductor used in Belkin's Adapter which probably makes difference. On the other hand it's pretty weird that Apple sells something officially on Apple Store (I'm talking about Belkin USB-C to Gigabit Ethernet Adapter) which doesn't really work for Apple's Key Services what Internet Recovery certainly is!

Locate the current ip address or mac address of the device and copy it down. Internet Recovery boots fast and installation is stable. Plug your Game Console or other device into a wired network port or join it.

With this combination of connecting Ethernet over two adapters to one of your USB-C port everything works like charm.

Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) to Thunderbolt 2 + Thunderbolt to Gigabit Ethernet Adapters(Both made by Apple)

Mac ethernet console